IAEA Nuclear Milestones Program

The international framework guiding every newcomer nuclear country from policy decision to first power

📊3 Development Phases
📋19 Infrastructure Issues
🌍25+ Countries Tracked

What is the Milestones Approach?

The IAEA Milestones Approach is the international standard framework for countries developing their first nuclear power program. Published in SSG-16, it divides nuclear development into three phases, each ending with a milestone that must be achieved before proceeding.

Published standardIAEA SSG-16 (Rev. 1)
Review mechanismINIR — Integrated Nuclear Infrastructure Review
Countries in Phase 2Vietnam, Poland, and others
Total phases3 phases, each with a defined milestone
Phase 1

Ready to Make a Knowledgeable Commitment

National position established, basic infrastructure study complete, government commitment made

Milestone:National decision to proceed
Phase 2Active — Vietnam & Poland

Ready to Invite Bids or Negotiate

Nuclear law enacted, regulator established, site selected, workforce development begun, safety infrastructure in place

Milestone:Contract with vendor signed
Phase 3

Ready to Commission

Construction complete, operating organization ready, fuel management plan in place, emergency preparedness established

Milestone:First criticality achieved

19 Infrastructure Issues

Every newcomer country must address these issues before proceeding to the next phase. Vietnam status shown for each issue.

National Position

01

National Position

Met ✅
02

Nuclear Safety

Partial ⚠️
03

Management

Partial ⚠️

Legal & Regulatory

04

Funding and Financing

Partial ⚠️
05

Legislative Framework

Met ✅
06

Safeguards

Met ✅

Nuclear Safety

07

Regulatory Framework

Partial ⚠️
08

Radiation Protection

Partial ⚠️
09

Environmental Protection

Partial ⚠️

Grid & Site

10

Nuclear Security

Partial ⚠️
11

Nuclear Fuel Cycle

Not yet ❌
12

Radioactive Waste Management

Not yet ❌

Human Resources

13

Emergency Planning

Partial ⚠️
14

Nuclear Power Plant Technology

Partial ⚠️
15

Human Resource Development

Partial ⚠️

Industry

16

Stakeholder Involvement

Partial ⚠️
17

Site and Supporting Facilities

Partial ⚠️
18

Environmental Protection (Site)

Partial ⚠️
19

Industrial Involvement

Not yet ❌

Vietnam — Phase 2 Progress

3

Issues met

13

In progress

3

Not yet started

Overall Phase 2 Completion19 issues
Met — 3 issues
Partial — 13 issues
Not yet — 3 issues

Based on IAEA INIR Phase 2 review — December 2025

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